The distortion performance of an amplifier is determined not only by open loop linearity, but also the negative feedback factor applied when the loop is closed. In most practical circumstances ...

Multiple domains provide designers and test engineers with complementary views of acquired signals. Oscilloscopes originated as instruments that measure electrical signals in the time domain. The ...

Fig 1. Two analog multipliers form a VCO with quadrature outputs, while a third multiplier provides AGC to stabilize output voltages without adding distortion. Fig 2. The oscilloscope trace of the VCO ...

The circuit of Figure 1 generates sinusoids down to very low frequencies with distortion in the region of 3% or less, yet has no feedback or gain-stabilizing components because none are needed. It ...

It’s not often that a single photo can tell you pretty much everything you need to know about a project, but the spectrum analyzer screenshot nearby is the perfect summary of this over-the-top ...

Distortion comes in a huge range of slightly different forms, from subtle analogue warmth to extreme metal fuzz, mild digital imprecision to eardrum-bursting clipping. But what is distortion, what's ...

Understanding the causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies for harmonic distortion in today's increasingly complex ...