Humoral immune responses are sexually dimorphic. Female individuals generally exhibit more-robust antibody responses to vaccines and, in the clinical setting as well as in experimental models, are ...

Humoral immunity produces antigen-specific antibodies and is primarily driven by B cells. Cell-mediated immunity on the other hand does not depend on antibodies for its adaptive immune functions and ...

Despite high vaccine coverage and effectiveness, the incidence of symptomatic infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been increasing in Israel. Whether the ...

This new article publication from Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, discusses how an innovative and stable mRNA-LNP microneedle vaccine elicits humoral and multifunctional cellular immune responses.